Supporting the Motherland
September - November, 2002

Chinese Americans never faltered in their support of China during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). Monetary donations were collected by Chinese community organizations for a variety of Chinese war relief funds such as the Aviation Fund, the Wounded Soldier Fund, and the Refugee Fund. On display were documents, donation receipts, and hand written records kept by business and organizations in San Diego and San Francisco. Japanese government documents kept during the War later discovered in Taiwan supplemented the exhibit with information of donations from Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia. Photographs of Chinese American fundraising activities and relief efforts in China were also exhibited.

Origins of the China War Relief Association

The Chinese Consulate General in San Francisco encouraged the Six Companies, also known as the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, to begin a relief fund for China. On August 21, 1937, the Six Companies organized a meeting of Chinese organizations to which ninety-one organizations sent representatives. The result of this meeting was the creation of the China War Relief Association of America. By 1945, forty-seven chapters, throughout the Western hemisphere were raising funds to send to China. Additionally, these groups organized anti-Japanese political activities, such as parades, boycotts, and pickets. These pickets in Washington, Oregon, and Californian shipyards, protested the shipment of raw materials to Japan.

Going to Help

In addition to monetary donations, some patriotic Overseas Chinese organized volunteer workers to return to China. These volunteer drivers and mechanics totaling 3,913 worked along the Burma Road, shipping material and doing truck maintenance. At that time the government of Burma issued a weight restriction of 2 tons on roads and bridges due to poor conditions. The Singapore and Malaysian Overseas Chinese began a "1 person, 1 dollar" donation fundraiser. They used the donations to purchase fifty 2-ton trucks. The trucks were sent to China for shipping supplies along the weight-restricted Burma Road. Two volunteer workers went to China for every 1,000 Singapore and Malaysian Overseas Chinese. At the end of the war in 1945 there were 1,748 workers still in China. Source: Chinese Government Information Agency, published July 1947

Flying Tigers

China was very appreciative of American war efforts such as the famed Flying Tigers, a group of 200 determined volunteer ex-military and civilian airmen and technicians - led by retired Major General Claire Lee Chennault - who dramatically deterred Japanese aggression in China and Burma, and defended the Burma Road. Chennault, a retired Army Air Corps captain and air advisor to China, was authorized by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to form this volunteer group to help train Chinese aviators and protect Chinese skies.



Financial support for the San Diego Chinese Historical Museum is provided in part by the
City of San Diego Commission for Arts and Culture
.